Purpose

Explain why every great company begins by solving a real problem, why insight matters more than ideas, and why value creation starts with understanding customer pain at a deeper level than competitors.

Core Principle

Value Creation Begins With Identifying a Real, Painful, Underserved Problem

Great businesses win because they see something others missed — a need, friction, or inefficiency that is meaningful to customers.

What This Driver Means

Exceptional businesses start with:

  • a real customer problem

  • a non-obvious insight about that problem

  • a better way to solve it

Great founders identify problems that are:

  • painful

  • expensive

  • frustrating

  • time-consuming

  • risky

  • emotionally important

  • widely experienced

  • recurring

Problem selection determines opportunity size.

Types of Problems Great Businesses Solve

1. Painful Problems

Clear, immediate, high-friction issues that customers want fixed now.
Examples: medical issues, mobility problems, unreliable products.

2. Expensive Problems

Costs that customers want to reduce, avoid, or control.
Examples: high energy bills, enterprise IT costs, inefficient logistics.

3. Recurring Problems

Issues people face repeatedly, creating stable demand.
Examples: monthly software tasks, recurring household needs.

4. Widespread Problems

Problems that many people or companies experience.
Examples: communication, payments, transportation.

5. Emotionally Meaningful Problems

Problems tied to identity, confidence, trust, or aspiration.
Examples: design, luxury goods, personal technology.

The bigger and more meaningful the problem, the greater the value creation potential.

How Great Companies Generate Non-Obvious Insights

Great business insights come from:

  • talking to customers

  • observing behavior, not words

  • noticing inefficiencies competitors ignore

  • understanding emerging technology curves

  • recognizing emotional patterns

  • deeply studying the problem environment

  • discovering unmet or poorly served needs

Insight = seeing what others overlook.

What Makes a Solution “Better”

Superior solutions tend to be:

  • simpler (less friction)

  • faster (reduces time)

  • cheaper (reduces cost)

  • more reliable (reduces risk)

  • higher quality (improves performance)

  • more delightful (improves emotional experience)

The solution earns adoption because it delivers meaningfully more value.

Examples of Problem-Driven Greatness

Apple — Personal Computing Made Simple

Solved the problem of complexity and intimidation in computing by delivering intuitive design.

Airbnb — Lodging Liquidity

Solved the problem of limited hotel supply and high travel costs by unlocking unused residential space.

Standard Oil — Reliable, Affordable Kerosene

Solved the problem of inconsistent, unsafe illumination through scale, quality, and process control.

Each began with a real, painful, widespread problem — then solved it better than anyone before.

Why This Driver Matters

Understanding the customer problem is the foundation for:

  • product quality

  • business model

  • pricing power

  • distribution strategy

  • competitive advantage

  • brand

  • long-term durability

If the problem is trivial, infrequent, or low-value — the business cannot be great.

Why This Comes First in the 12 Drivers

Every other driver — product design, operations, distribution, culture, strategy — is built on top of a deep understanding of the customer problem.

A great business is not created by technology, branding, or marketing alone.

It starts with:

real problem → deep insight → superior solution → scalable value creation.

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